Long-distance transport of P and Zn through the hyphae of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus in symbiosis with maize

Issue		Agron. Sustain. Dev. Volume 23, Number 5-6, July-October 2003 "Third Rhizosphere Conference" (Dijon 2001)


Page(s)		481 - 488
DOI		10.1051/agro:2003013

Agronomie 23 (2003) 481-488
DOI: 10.1051/agro:2003013

Long-distance transport of P and Zn through the hyphae of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus in symbiosis with maize

Jan Jansa, Ahmad Mozafar and Emmanuel Frossard

Group of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Eschikon 33, 8315 Lindau, Switzerland
(Received 5 August 2002; accepted 4 March 2003)

Abstract
We studied the effect of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), Glomus intraradices, on the uptake of phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) by maize (Zea mays) in two types of experimental containers, the Cuvettes and the Starpots. The containers consisted of a compartment colonised by both roots and AMF and two compartments only explored by AMF mycelium. Plants inoculated with AMF took up more P and Zn than non-mycorrhizal plants. The AMF transported significant amounts of ³³P and ⁶⁵Zn when the labelled nutrients were located less than 15 cm away from the roots. The uptake of both ³³P and ⁶⁵Zn was significantly correlated with the mycelium length density measured near the labelled compartment in the Cuvettes and ³³P and ⁶⁵Zn uptake rates were correlated to each other in both the Cuvettes and the Starpots. Development of the AMF mycelium also varied with the size of the buffer compartment.

Résumé
Transport de phosphore et de zinc par les hyphes d'un champignon endomycorrhizien en symbiose avec le maïs. Nous avons étudié l'influence d'un champignon mycorrhizien à arbuscule (AMF), Glomus intraradices, sur le prélèvement du phosphore (P) et du zinc (Zn) par le maïs à l'aide de deux dispositifs expérimentaux (les containers "cuvette" et "starpot"). Chacun des dispositifs était divisé en trois compartiments : un compartiment colonisé à la fois par les racines et la mycorrhize et deux compartiments explorés uniquement par les hyphes mycorrhiziens. Les plantes mycorrhizées ont prélevé significativement plus de P et de Zn que les plantes non mycorrhizées. La mycorrhize a transporté des quantités significatives de ³³P et de ⁶⁵Zn vers la plante lorsque la taille du compartiment intermédiaire était inférieure à 15 cm. Le prélèvement de ³³P et de ⁶⁵Zn était significativement corrélé à la longueur de mycelium exprimée par gramme du substrat et mesurée dans le dispositif en "cuvette". Les prélèvements de ³³P et de ⁶⁵Zn étaient fortement corrélés entre eux dans les dispositifs "cuvette" et "starpot". Enfin nous montrons que la longueur du mycelium mesuré à différents endroits dans le compartiment intermédiaire varie avec la taille de ce compartiment et donc avec l'accessibilité des éléments nutritifs par le champignon.

Key words: arbuscular mycorrhiza / mycelium / phosphorus / zinc / maize

Mots clés : mycorrhize à arbuscule / mycélium / phosphore / zinc / maïs

Correspondence and reprints: Jan Jansa email: jan.jansa@ipw.agrl.ethz.ch

Communicated by Philippe Hinsinger (Montpellier, France)

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